What is tree grow or knee grow?

Tree growth, or more formally, dendrology, is the scientific study of trees. It encompasses many aspects, including:

Primary Growth: This refers to the elongation of the stem and roots. It occurs at the apical meristems (buds and root tips), responsible for increasing the tree's height and root length.
Secondary Growth: This is the increase in girth (width) of the stem and roots. It's caused by the activity of the vascular cambium (which produces secondary xylem (wood) and phloem (inner bark)) and the cork cambium (which produces bark). Annual rings, visible in cross-sections of tree trunks, are a result of secondary xylem growth, with each ring representing one year of growth.
Factors Affecting Growth: Many environmental factors influence tree growth, including:
- Sunlight: Trees need sunlight for photosynthesis.
- Water: Water is essential for nutrient transport and maintaining cell turgor.
- Nutrients: Trees require various nutrients from the soil for growth, such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium.
- Temperature: Temperature affects metabolic processes and growth rates.
- Competition: Trees compete with each other and other plants for resources.
- Pests and Diseases: Pests and diseases can damage trees and hinder growth.
Tree Age Determination (Dendrochronology): The study of tree rings to determine past environmental conditions and to date events.
Tree Morphology: The study of the form and structure of trees. This includes the study of roots, trunks, branches, leaves and reproductive structures.